HowTo Install Mandriva 2005

[Bruno]

. . . . . INSTALLING MANDRIVA 2005 Limited Edition( General instructions ) . . . . . * Due to limitations of the forum software this how-to is split over 2 posts First read erratum: Here Links to ISO images can be found Here- PreparationIf this is your first Linux install, check out Basic Rules for Install If you are replacing a previous Mandrake Install back up: - Your browser plugins located in /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins - The ~/.evolution directory ( When I restore it, I chown (change ownership) it back to "chown -R bruno:bruno evolution" )- The ~/.galeon/bookmarks.xbel ( or other bookmarks ) - Personal things in your /home directory - Your /etc/lilo.conf ( if you are booting mutiple distros ) - Your /etc/hosts, /etc/aliases, /etc/rc.d/rc.local, ~/.bashrc, ~/.exrc if you made any modification to these files. - Set your BIOS to boot from CD and disable PNP aware OS. - Put the first CD in the CD-ROM drive and boot your computer. - Install1st screen: The welcome screen. Press Enter Before the GUI comes back, the installer is loading into memory and devices are being configured. 2nd screen: Language selection ( Click to enlarge )The default is US English, Press Next 3rd screen: License agreement ( Click to enlarge ) Select "accept" and Press Next 4th screen: Is this an install or an upgrade ? ( Click to enlarge )Tick the box of "install" and Press Next ( Advice: NEVER use Upgrade !!! ) 5th screen: Security level ( Click to enlarge )ATTENTION: By default the security level is set to "high", change this to "Standard"Fill in "root" or your email address and Press Next 6th screen: The DrakX Partitioning wizard found etc. etc. ( Click to enlarge )- If you have your partitions already made: tick the box "use existing partitions" and Press Next - If you still have to make partitions, or want to change the size of the existing ones: tick the box "Custom Disk Partitioning" and Press Next You will be taken to the very intuitive and easy partitioning tool. Make a 5G partition for / and a 2G for /home. 7th screen: Choose file Mount points ( Click to enlarge )Chose the partitions where you want / and /home and Press Next ( Everybody using partitions for /tmp and /usr too . . you know what to do ) 8th screen: Choose the partitions you want to format ( Click to enlarge ). . Leave the /home box unchecked if you want to keep your mail addresses and personal settings Press Next 9th screen: Media ( Click to enlarge )Here it shows what install media it has found and asks you if you want to add additional installation media . . . . . . . Choose "None" and Press Next ( NOTE: You will have less CDs listed because these screenshots are from the Club-Edition )10th screen: Packages ( Click to enlarge )Do like in the screen shot: tick all the boxes on the left, and only the last 3 on the right and Press Next NOTE: Including Gnome will also give you all the gnome programs you can also use in KDE . . so even if you intend to never use Gnome it is better to install it anyway. Now the install really starts. It takes about 16 minutes and you have to change CDs twice . . . . . * Will be continued in next post

[Bruno]

. . . . . 11th screen: Root password ( Click to enlarge )Fill in your root password twice and Press Next 12th screen: Adding a user ( Click to enlarge )Fill in name twice and password twice and Press Accept 13th screen: Adding a user ( again )Press Next 14th screen: Auto login ( Click to enlarge )De-select the box, you do not want this, and Press Next NOTE: It is safer to not use this feature, and it makes sure that you can choose at boot what window manager to start. Also if you ever get a corrupted /home directory the non-autologin makes fixing a lot easier. 15th screen: Boot loader, ( Click to enlarge )Select "First sector of drive ( MBR )" and Press Next NOTE: It will automatically include your Windows partition for dual boot 16th screen: Summary, . . . . This is very important . . check all the settings, look at the difference I have in the two screenshots: ( Click to enlarge )Before configuring ( Click to enlarge )After configuring 17th screen: Updates . . . say NO and Press Next NOTE: This feature rarely works, you will have to do the updates in the MCC after the first reboot 18th screen: Complete . . remove your CD and Press Reboot After the reboot you absolutely have to install: Anacron, and get the Updates ( see and subscribe to This thread )Additionally you can add: xmms, xmms-alsa, aumix, galeon, gkrellm, kedit, mplayer, xine etc. etc.Also read the release notes in next post Bruno

[Bruno]

Release Notes Mandriva 2005:

More information on package mandrakelinux-release-10.2-1mdk.i586General Notes=============Deltarpm--------In order to provide smaller updates to the stable release, deltarpm from suse has been added. This enable to have incremental updates of rpm, reducing bandwidth needed. ( see http://archives.mandrakelinux.com/cooker/2...01/msg01996.php ).Removed packageThese packages were removed from the archives, as they are either deprecated or not working ( this list is not complete ) :    * boa-constructor : ( not working with newer wxpython )    * ispell : replaced by aspell    * opale : do not compile    * acid : replaced by base    * bayonne : unmaintainedInstallation------------The installer was improved and now uses a different technology ( compressed loopback ) as found in MandrakeMove.You can also use iso on the disk, as quickly explained on StageOne.This section should mention the feature: "Internet sources configuration during installation." However this option didn't appear when I just tried the 10.2rc1 installer. I was booting from The Supplemental Drivers CD.Tools=====MCC---MCC has now an expert option to display advanced tools.Hardware========initrd------Warning : If you have initrd's created before 10.2 they must be regenerated (using mkinitrd) to havelarge enough room, otherwise /sys might get full and prevent hal to work properly (not detecting theentire hardware installed on the system)Standard kernel does not work on Centrino-----------------------------------------The standard kernel now has NX (no-execute) support enabled by default. NX requires PAE (Physical Address Extension) support, which should be available on all i686 processors, and is required for accessing memory above 4GB. Unfortunately PAE support is broken on the Dothan (Centrino) CPU (See the errata part of http://download.intel.com/design/mobile/SP...T/30220907.pdf) and no fix nor workaround is planned by Intel. If you have a Centrino CPU, you should use a kernel which doesn't require PAE support, thus you have to use i686-4GB or i586-1GB kernels. This also means that Centrino users cannot have the advantages of NX (on any operating system). The installer has been updated, and should install a suitable kernel (ie i686-up-4GB) by default.speedstep-centrino does not support Dothan processors-----------------------------------------------------The kernel module speedstep-centrino does not support Dothan processors. This is native cpufreq driver for Centrino based systems. Despite of this there is support via generic acpi-cpufreq module. Using acpi-cpufreq instead of speedstep-centrino caused higher power consumption.At this time there is still no support for Dothan in main linux tree but there is unofficial patch which add support for these processors: http://localhost.ruhr.de/~stefan/acerTM292...-dothan-3.patchAlso this problem is discussed in bugzilla: bug_small.png Bug #10988 bug_small.png Bug #14950ov511 based webcam------------------two different releases of ov511 driver are included in shipped kernel. If your webcam doesn't work correctly, it is probably using ov511-alt module instead of ov511. Add ov511-alt to /etc/hotplug/blacklist and ov511 will be loaded instead.Desktop=======KDE---Kde 3.3.2 has been chosen over kde 3.4 for its maturity. However many bugfixes and some important new features ( kpdf, gdm theme support for kdm ) were backported by the Mandrakelinux KDE team into thepackages included.Kde has been compiled with the flag -fvisibility, in order to improve loading times ( http://www.nedprod.com/programs/gccvisibility.html ).Changes to the Kmenu Button---------------------------In order to highlight the Kmenu button in a more obvious fashion, a text label has been added that says "menu". Depending on the size of your kicker panel and your personal preferences, you may want todisable this. To do so, open .kde/share/config/kickerrc with your favorite text editor and add kmenutext=false in the Kmenu section (you may have to add the section) so it looks like this:[KMenu]kmenutext=falseThere is more information and discussion in this Cooker ML thread ( http://archives.mandrakelinux.com/cooker/2...03/msg03163.php )New Look Login Manager----------------------There is a new feature in the default login manager (KDM) for this release which allows it to be themed like GDM. When themed, the user must know his/her username and type it in, which may be undesirable in certain circumstances.If you want to revert to the previous behavior, you simply must configure KDM to not use a theme. Todo this, open /etc/kde/kdm/kdmrc with your favorite text editor and change UseTheme=true to UseTheme=false.There is more information and discussion in this Cooker ML thread ( http://archives.mandrakelinux.com/cooker/2...03/msg04931.php )GNOME-----For stability reasons the version of GNOME included is 2.8.3, which is the latest stable release before the jump to 2.10. See the release announcement for more information on features and capabilities ( http://mail.gnome.org/archives/gnome-annou...y/msg00071.html )Sound-----ALSA support was greatly enhanced in XMMS and Beep Media Player.Sound multiplexing with ALSA----------------------------Now, applications that use the ALSA api for playing sound will automatically use the dmix plugin by default on sound cards that do not support hardware mixing. Thus, such applications will always be able to play sound simultaneously.Note that if an application uses the OSS emulation for playing sound with an ALSA driver, it'll get exclusive access to the sound card, thus excluding all other apps.What's more, the dnsoop plugin is also set up, thus allowing several applications to record simultaneously from the same sound cardLast but not least, the softvol plugin is used for codecs without volume controls (eg: Azalia/intel HD audio) so that one can alter sound volume on cards that do not support itTiMidity MIDI synthesizer-------------------------Now TiMidity, a MIDI playback engine, can be executed as a ALSA sequencer client. This means it can act as a software synthesizer, which is very useful when machine has no decent soundcard (such as most laptop). Install timidity-init if this feature is desired.The old patch set included in versions prior to 10.2 was found to be plagued with copyright problem,so this situation is rectified by uploading new patch set called freepats: http://freepats.opensrc.org , which is rigorously reviewed and confirmed to be free of copyright problem.X.org-----X.org version 6.8.x is now shipping with an experimental extension called Composite (disabled by default). To enable, just read this page : http://wiki.x.org/wiki/CvsPageIf it is enabled, some applications might crash (like Flash plugin, GTK1 applications like xmms). Toworkaround this problem, you need to set the environment variable XLIB_SKIP_ARGB_VISUALS=1 before starting those applications.The configuration file /etc/X11/xorg.conf is no longer a symbolic link to /etc/X11/XF86config.Multimedia keyboards--------------------Newer multimedia keyboards can now be configured via the keyboarddrake applet in the Mandrake Control Center. GNOME and KDE have already been configured with certain default actions for common multimedia keys.XDG Menu--------The XDG menu specification from freedesktop.org has been used to generate the menus in the new release, and to generate the default Mandrakelinux menus, the menu package is still used. You can change some of the default menu attributes by modifying the file /etc/menu-methods/menu-attribute.Several attributes can be used:    * inline: true or false example: inline="true" (allow inlining menu, a directory will not be created for only one item )    * inline_header: true or false (allow to make a menu header)    * inline_alias: true or false (allow to replace menu item by alias)    * inline_limit: a number (example inline_limit="12") define how menu item we can inlined.see http://standards.freedesktop.org/menu-spec...u-spec-0.9.html for more information on the XDG menu specification.Although not the default, if you wish, you have the ability to have your menus sorted in alphabetic order. To do this, just create empty file named /etc/menu-methods/xdg-not-sorted.Spell checking--------------ispell is no longer supported, it has been replaced with aspell (which is actively supportd and provides same funcitonality and extra features, like utf-8 support, and much more supported languages).See the aspell documentation, and in particular the file /usr/share/doc/aspell-0.60.2/manual/aspell.html/Using-Aspell-as-a-Replacement-for-Ispell.html for the differences in the command line parametersand how you can switch to use aspell as your spell checker. You can also see the file /usr/share/doc/aspell-0.60.2/manual/aspell.html/Introduction.html for the differences and advantages of aspell overispell.ispell dictionaries have been removed, only the ispell program is still available (as a contrib package) in case you have a home-made dictionary in ispell format. The ispell program itself will howeverbe removed in the future, so if you have a personal dictionary in ispell format you should start to convert it to aspell format.Mozilla and firefox-------------------Mozilla suite has been replaced by firefox, thunderbird and nvu in main ( http://archives.mandrakelinux.com/cooker/2...01/msg00355.php ). Firefox is shipped with three different themes (Firefox theme,CrystalSVG theme for KDE and GNOME theme which will use icon theme configured in GNOME). Firefox will autodetect running environment and choose the correct theme accordingly. If you choose another theme, this autoswitch feature will be disabled. To enable it back, you need to go to "about:config" withfirefox and choose "general.skins.selectedSkin" and select 'reset'. You'll need to restart firefox to get it backNetworking----------Network interfaces are now initiated in the background to speed up the boot process.System======Dynamic File System Monitoring------------------------------The fam daemon, which was the default tool for providing notification to userspace about modifications to the filesystem, was plagued with problems, primarily related to locking of devices. For Mandrakelinux 10.2, famd is being replaced by gamin which eliminates many of these problems. The usage is the same, so the user should not need to do anything, but the result will be a better working system. If you are using home over NFS, you might see gamin taking more %CPU than needed (this is an issue caused by dnotify kernel feature). See this page to configure gamin to use polling in that case.New urpmi features------------------    * gurpmi has been rewritten as a native gtk2 app, meaning that urpmi --X no longer exist.    * a new option --retry was added, to specify how often a mirror should be retried.    * urpmi can now use iso image as a removable media.    * you can now use variable in media url, for more flexibility. ( http://archives.mandrakelinux.com/cooker/2...02/msg02853.php ).Magidev is replaced by gnome-volume-manager and HAL.----------------------------------------------------Magicdev, the software who used to be in charge of mounting usb key on the desktop, is replaced by gnome-volume-manager and HAL. If you are upgrading from an older release and still using old kernel, make sure to see initrd section to make sure devices add/removal is working properly (df /dev should never returns 100% space used).Server======Postgresql----------Postgresql Procedural languages support has been splitted in one rpm for each languages ( postgresql-pl* ), you may need install new package if you upgrade.MySQL-----As a security measure, networking in the mysql server has been disabled per default, only localhost connections will work. This is because the mysql root user has no password in a default install and that leaves the MySQL server open for anyone to use.To enable networking the user has to edit or delete the /etc/sysconfig/mysqld file.Cfengine--------Now cfengine is splitted among several package, and use the new version 2.0, which changed major thinkg, like no more binary ( /usr/bin/cfengine ). See cfengine changelog for more details.Samba-----Samba can now automatically share new CUPS printers. To allow this to work out-the-box, the default samba configuration now sets "printcap cache time" to 60 seconds (by default it is 0 which disables rescanning of printers). In order for shared printers to be browseable by default, printerdrake shouldnow also generate printer names of no more than 13 characters, don't use longer names if you want the printers to be visible on your samba server (although they will still be useable, they won't be shown when browsing the samba server).In order to allow use of the kernel's cifs driver without installing a few MB of samba packages, themount.cifs binary has been split off into the subpackage mount-cifs (but it is required by samba-client). This should have no impact besides allowing users to have a minimal system that can mount CIFS shares.Of interest to users with LDAP-based domain controllers, Samba-3.0.13 has a newer version of smbldap-tools than before, which is much more similar to the stand-alone smbldap-tools. Thus, the smbldap-tools are no longer bundled in the samba-server package. Users who were previously using the smbldap-tools provided by samba-server should install the samba-smbldap-tools package, which will install smbldap-tools, provide compatability symbolic links, and migrate a previous smbldap-tools configuration (from /etc/samba/smbldap_conf.pm) to the new configuration files (/etc/smbldap-tools/smbldap.conf and /etc/smbldap-tools/smbldap_bind.conf). After migration is complete, and your /etc/samba/smb.conf has been updated to reflect the location of the real smbldap-tools (which you should do manually, to the versions in /usr/sbin), the samba-smbldap-tools package may be removed.OpenLDAP--------The database format used by the bdb backend in OpenLDAP 2.2 is incompatible with the format in OpenLDAP 2.1. An automatic export/import is done during upgrade to allow a seemless upgrade, however it ispossible that the import may fail (some reasons are covered below). In this case, the LDIF files from the export are left in the database directory with the name rpm-migrate-to-2.2.ldif-import-failed, and may be imported with slapadd after the problem has been corrected.Some users may prefer to not have their databases migrated automatically, automatic migration may beprevented by setting "AUTOMIGRATE=no" in /etc/sysconfig/ldap, but of course alternative arrangementsshould be made to ensure the availability of the data after the upgrade. As a last fallback, openldap2.1 packages are available in contrib which may be used to recover the data (via slapcat2.1), but use of the packages for production is discouraged.Some changes have been made to the way ACLs are defined in slapd.conf (and included files), for example the ACL target specifier dn now uses the subtype "exact" by default instead of "regex" as before,and submatches no longer automatically expand. ACLs with regex-based targets that use "access to dn=" should be changed to use "access to dn.regex=", and the associated "by" clause should be changed from "by dn=" to "by dn.exact,expand" instead. If you have made changes to the default provided slapd.access.conf, you may wish to review the changes (which you should be able to see in the file slapd.acces.conf.rpmnew). To prevent this issue in the future, the file slapd.access.conf is no longer "noreplace", so if you with to make changes, you should copy the file and modify the copied file (and changethe include directive in slapd.conf to point to your copy).Since samba-2.x is now obsolete, the samba.schema provided with OpenLDAP no longer has the obsolete samba2 definitions uncommented as before, and any reference to those attributes or objectclasses in access control or indexing directives should be removed (or, if you still need them, make a copy of samba.schema and uncomment the necessary sections).Since OpenLDAP 2.2 utilises an in-memory cache, which will be emptied by database recovery, automatic database recovery for all bdb/hdb databases during startup (ie 'service ldap start', but not 'service ldap restart') of the "ldap" service is now optional (but enabled by default). If you don't want your in-memory cache emptied and you are sure your server will never shut down unexpectedly, you may disable automatic database recovery by setting "AUTORECOVER=no" in /etc/sysconfig/ldapDevelopment===========Packaging---------%mkrel macroin a attempt to provides easy backport naming, a %mkrel macro was added. This will lead to a versioned (ie distribution specific) release tag if you rebuild a rpm from cooker on your stable release. Packages which implemented %mkrel without defining the macro may not rebuild cleanly on older releases without a local macro definition. See DistroSpecificReleaseTag.multiarch---------in order to enhance support of 32 bit developpement on a 64 bit architecture, a new system has been added to sort arch dependent files. Therefore, it require the backport of multiarch-utils in order tobuild newer rpm on old releases ( see http://archives.mandrakelinux.com/cooker/2...01/msg01999.php ).Compilers---------Perl----Perl has been built without thread support ( http://archives.mandrakelinux.com/cooker/2...11/msg01206.php ). This means that all the binary packages need to be rebuilt, and you can no longer use interpreter level thread. More info on http://archives.mandrakelinux.com/cooker/2...10/msg01160.phpVFlib-----Support for VFlib (a librairy to access different font formats trough a unique API) is dropped, as that library is not used anymore by any standard program, the functionality of accessing fonts is now being done trough fontconfig.

I marked the most "popular ones in GREEN Bruno

[Bruno]

NOTE: The above posts are still under construction . . . if you have remarks please post them so I can add notes to them Bruno

[Dard]

Bruno you have the wrong screen shot in "14th screen: Auto login"You are showing the "Boot loader" twice. Otherwise it's a nice concise how to!

[Bruno]

Thanks Dard . . . corrected it . . should be okay now if you refresh your browser ;) Bruno