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120+ Linux Commands That Are Actually Useful


securitybreach

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securitybreach

The Linux kernel, created by Linus Torvalds, was made available to the world for free. Torvalds then invited others to add to the kernel provided that they keep their contributions free. Thousands of programmers began working to enhance Linux, and the operating system grew rapidly. Because it is free, open-source and runs on PC platforms, it gained a great audience among developers very quickly. However, Linux is harder to manage than something like Windows, but offers more flexibility and configuration options. In this post, I am going to give you a list of useful and commonly used linux commands. I divide these commands into 10 different categories and give a description for all of them.

 

1. SYSTEM

 

$ uname -a Displays Linux system information

 

$ uname -r Displays kernel release information

 

$ uptime Shows how long system running + load

 

$ hostname Shows system host name

 

$ hostname -i Displays the IP address of the host

 

$ last reboot Shows system reboot history

 

$ date Shows the current date and time

 

$ cal Shows this month calendar

 

$ whoami Shows who you are logged in as

 

2. HARDWARE

 

 

$ dmesg Detected hardware and boot messages

 

$ cat /proc/meminfo Hardware memory information

 

$ cat /proc/cpuinfo CPU model information

 

$ cat /proc/interrupts Lists the number of interrupts per CPU per I/O device

 

$ sudo lshw Displays information on hardware configuration of the system

 

$ lsblk Displays block device related information in Linux (sudo yum install util-linux-ng)

 

$ free -m Displays used and free memory (-m for MB)

 

$ lsusb -tv Shows USB devices

 

$ sudo dmidecode Shows hardware info from the BIOS

 

$ sudo hdparm -i /dev/sda # Shows info about disk sda

 

$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda # Do a read speed test on disk sda

 

$ sudo badblocks -s /dev/sda # Test for unreadable blocks on disk sda

 

..............................

 

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